I am the Director of the Harvard/Brigham Virology Specialty Laboratory and the Director of the Harvard University Center for AIDS Research Clinical Core. My research is focused on HIV and SARS-CoV-2 drug resistance, reservoirs, and viral remission. Specifically, my research focus include:

1)    SARS-CoV-2 viral evolution and pathogenesis. Our research has shown the clinical significance and the proteomic pathways associated with SARS-CoV-2 systemic dissemination. My lab is also involved in SARS-CoV-2 whole viral sequencing. We were one of the first to report on the phenomenon of persistent COVID in immunosuppressed patients and the rapid and dynamic shifts in the viral escape mutations after monoclonal antibody treatment.
2)    HIV reservoir and remission. Elucidating the mechanisms of HIV persistence and remission remains one of the highest priorities of the HIV field. We were the first to identify that levels of cell-associated HIV RNA and residual viremia as biomarker that predict the timing of HIV rebound and the first to perform an in-depth characterization of the HIV reservoir in post-treatment controllers, identifying the first laboratory biomarker that predicts which individuals are more likely to achieve HIV remission. Our laboratory continues to use single-genome and novel single-cell techniques to uncover mediators of HIV reservoir persistence and HIV control after discontinuation of antiretroviral treatment.
3)    HIV drug resistance. Within an individual, HIV exists as a quasispecies mixture of numerous viral variants. Commercial HIV resistance genotyping assays are only able to report the presence of drug resistance mutations if they are present in the majority of viruses, but they are unable to detect the presence of low-frequency resistance mutations present as HIV drug-resistant minority variants. My lab uses next-generation sequencing methods to study the impact of drug-resistant minority HIV variants on risk of treatment failure.